Emilio Aguinaldo became the inaugural president of the Philippines under the Malolos Republic, considered the First Philippine Republic . [7] [note 2] He held that office until 1901 when he was captured by United States forces during the Philippine–American War (1899–1902). [4] The American colonization of the Philippines abolished the First Republic, [12] which led to an American governor-general exercising executive power. [19] In 1935, the United States , pursuant to its promise of full Philippine sovereignty , [20] established the Commonwealth of the Philippines following the ratification of the 1935 Constitution , which also restored the presidency. The first national presidential election was held, [note 3] and Manuel L. Quezon (1935–44) was elected to a six-year term, with no provision for re-election, [5] as the second Philippine president and...
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